![]() low crude protein and amino acids) provided from 76 to 134 kg BW ( n = 4 per treatment, being the replicate the pen with eight pigs). immunocastrated gilts (IG)) and three experimental diets (control vs. Six treatments were arranged factorially (2 × 3) with two types of gilt (entire gilts (EG) vs. A total of 192 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) gilts of 40.3 ± 4.80 kg body weight (BW) were used to assess the impact of immunocastration and feeding on growth performance, serum metabolites and sex hormones, reproductive organ development, and carcass quality. It is desirable to increase fatness in gilts destined for Teruel dry-cured ham production. On the other hand, irrespective of immunocastration, a rise in dietary energy or a drop in dietary crude protein and amino acids in gilts from 76 to 134 kg could also be beneficial strategies for pig farmers. In this trial, it was concluded that immunocastration is a positive strategy to apply in gilts intended for Teruel dry-cured ham production, because it increases growth rate and fatness. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the influence of immunocastration and provided diet on growth performance, serum metabolites and sex hormones, reproductive organ development, and carcass quality. Additionally, immunocastrated gilts could have different feeding pattern to entire females, and thus it is interesting to study feeding plans. ![]() Increasing energy or reducing protein and amino acids in the diet could also result in greater fatness. Immunocastration (immunization against gonadotrophin releasing factor) could resolve this issue, as that collateral effect has been reported in the literature. This problem is detected especially in females, because males are castrated to avoid boar taint, and castration increases fat deposition. This review addresses the current status, chemical compositions, advantages and disadvantages, toxicity and most importantly the future directions for the delivery of iron oxide based substances across the blood-brain barrier for targeting, imaging and therapy of primary and metastatic tumors of the brain.Currently, a considerable proportion of the carcasses intended for the production of Teruel dry-cured ham are declared unsuitable for this purpose, mainly due to their lack of fat. ![]() However, the greatest limitations for the use of MRI/MPI for imaging and treatment are in brain delivery, with one of these limitations being the brain-blood barrier (BBB). Because magnetic and iron oxide nanoparticles are so diverse and can be used in multiple applications such as imaging or therapy, they have attractive features for brain delivery. In recent years, MRI and MPI have been combined as a dual or multimodal imaging method to enhance the signal in the brain for the early detection and treatment of brain pathologies. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to magnetic particle imaging (MPI) because of its better sensitivity compared to MRI. ![]() The main applications of these nanoparticles are in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic targeting, gene and drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia for tumor treatment, and manipulation of the immune system by macrophage polarization for cancer treatment. Magnetic nanoparticles in general, and iron oxide nanoparticles in particular, have been studied extensively during the past 20 years for numerous biomedical applications.
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